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Contents
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(Top)
1
Etymology
2
Doctrinal background
3
Gong'an
in China
Toggle
Gong'an
in China subsection
3.1
The "public cases" of the old masters
3.2
"Observing the phrase"
3.3
The Chan master's role
3.4
Chinese
gōng'àn
collections
3.5
After the Song era
4
Modern Chinese Chan and Korean Seon
5
Kōan
in Japan
Toggle
Kōan
in Japan subsection
5.1
The introduction of
kōan
5.2
Rinzai school
5.2.1
Kōan
curricula
5.2.2
The breakthrough-
kōan
5.2.3
Kensho
5.2.4
Testing insight – or learning responses
5.2.4.1
Sassho
– Checking questions
5.2.4.2
Standardized answers
5.2.4.3
Jakugo – Capping phrases
5.2.5
Post-satori practice
5.2.6
Real-life integration
5.2.7
Breathing practices
5.3
In Japanese Sōtō
5.4
In Sanbo Kyodan and White Plum Asanga
6
Examples of traditional kōans
Toggle Examples of traditional kōans subsection
6.1
Does a dog have Buddha-nature
6.2
The sound of one hand
6.3
Original face
6.4
Killing the Buddha
6.5
Other koans
7
Cultural legacy
8
Criticism
Toggle Criticism subsection
8.1
Academic criticism
8.2
Criticism from within the Zen tradition
8.3
Other criticism
9
See also
10
Notes
11
References
12
Sources
13
Further reading
14
External links
