filecmp --- 檔案與目錄比較

原始碼：Lib/filecmp.py

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The filecmp module defines functions to compare files and directories, with various optional time/correctness trade-offs. For comparing files, see also the difflib module.

filecmp 模組定義了以下函式：

filecmp.cmp(f1, f2, shallow=True)

Compare the files named f1 and f2, returning True if they seem equal, False otherwise.

If shallow is true and the os.stat() signatures (file type, size, and modification time) of both files are identical, the files are taken to be equal.

Otherwise, the files are treated as different if their sizes or contents differ.

Note that no external programs are called from this function, giving it portability and efficiency.

This function uses a cache for past comparisons and the results, with cache entries invalidated if the os.stat() information for the file changes. The entire cache may be cleared using clear_cache().

filecmp.cmpfiles(dir1, dir2, common, shallow=True)

Compare the files in the two directories dir1 and dir2 whose names are given by common.

Returns three lists of file names: match, mismatch, errors. match contains the list of files that match, mismatch contains the names of those that don't, and errors lists the names of files which could not be compared. Files are listed in errors if they don't exist in one of the directories, the user lacks permission to read them or if the comparison could not be done for some other reason.

The shallow parameter has the same meaning and default value as for filecmp.cmp().

For example, cmpfiles('a', 'b', ['c', 'd/e']) will compare a/c with b/c and a/d/e with b/d/e. 'c' and 'd/e' will each be in one of the three returned lists.

filecmp.clear_cache()

Clear the filecmp cache. This may be useful if a file is compared so quickly after it is modified that it is within the mtime resolution of the underlying filesystem.

在 3.4 版被加入.

The dircmp class

class filecmp.dircmp(a, b, ignore=None, hide=None, *, shallow=True)

Construct a new directory comparison object, to compare the directories a and b. ignore is a list of names to ignore, and defaults to filecmp.DEFAULT_IGNORES. hide is a list of names to hide, and defaults to [os.curdir, os.pardir].

The dircmp class compares files by doing shallow comparisons as described for filecmp.cmp() by default using the shallow parameter.

在 3.13 版的變更: 新增了 shallow 參數。

The dircmp class provides the following methods:

report()

Print (to