Python Basics: Object-Oriented Programming (Summary)

I really didnt understand this, nor was I able to run the exercise. Feeling a bit overwhelmed with all this stuff now

@risko619 aah, yes OOP is a complex programming topic that can totally take a while to sink in. Best thing to do is to keep reading or watching content that covers it, and just mess around trying to solve the challenges. Even if you don’t get it all the way, putting in some practice time and (figuratively) banging your head against that OOP wall helps to make it click eventually.

Is there anything specific that you got stuck with? Did you check out the other resources that Ian mentioned in this lesson?

Excellent course and very informative! Thank you so much.

I wish they would have explaned how to print all the functions of the class at with one iteration…

class Dog:
    species = "Canis Familiaris"
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def __str__(self):
        return (f"{self.name}, {self.age}")
        Pepper = Dog('Pepper',4)

    # Instance Method:
    def description(self):
        return (f"{self.name} is {self.age} years old, and she is the greatest dog alive!")
        Pepper.description()

    def speak(self, sound):
        return f"{self.name} says {sound}"
        Pepper.speak()

Pepper = Dog('Pepper',4)
Pepper.description()
Pepper.speak('Woof! Woof!')

I’m not sure I correctly understood your question, but generally, you can inspect a Python object using dir().

That gives you everything though, so you might want to filter the results, e.g. like shown below if you’re only looking for instance methods you defined in the class:

print(
    [
        method
        for method in dir(Pepper)
        if callable(getattr(Pepper, method))
        and not method.startswith("__")
    ]
)

When you run this code on the Pepper object you created above, then you’ll get the two instance method names as a result:

['description', 'speak']

Alternatively, you could also look into the built-in inspect module.

Did this answer your question, or did you mean something else?

Good Morning @Martin Breuss… So basically, when trying to instantiate the Attributes of the class via Instances. I keep running into a problem when separting Main_Class vs SubClass vs code variable assignments.

example. would be something like this… New Window_Script 1: Main_Class

class Animal:
    species = "Mammals"

    def __init__(self, name, age): #type: [Canine. breed: breed of canine, internal_temp: warm/cold blooded.]
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

# Instance Methods:
    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.name} is {self.age} years old."

    def speak(self, sound):
        return f"Sound of {self.name}; {sound}."

class Pitbull(Animal):