Factors Affecting DBP Formation During Ozone–Bromide Reactions
Abstract
Ozonation of waters containing bromide ion leads to the formation of organic and inorganic by-products. By-product formation is influenced by bromide ion concentration, the source and concentration of organic precursors, pH, ozone dosage, temperature, and alkalinity. Both organic and inorganic by-products increased when bromide ion concentration increased but decreased with an increase in alkalinity. Organic by-products were found to increase with a decrease in pH, whereas bromate formation was favored by a high pH. In general, bromoform concentration first increased, then diminished, as the dosage of ozone was increased. Both ozonation and incubation temperatures had a positive effect on the formation of bromoform and bromate. PEROXONE appears to favor bromate formation over organic by-product formation, whereas the addition of ammonia reduces both bromate and organic by-products.
- Publication:
-
Journal of the American Water Works Association
- Pub Date:
- January 1993
- DOI:
- Bibcode:
- 1993JAWWA..85a..63S
- Keywords:
-
- Disinfection Byproducts;
- Ozone;
- Dosage;
- Bromide;
- Bromate;
- pH;
- Temperature;
- Alkalinity;
- Bromoform;
- Ammonia;
- Hydrogen Peroxide