This article picked by a teacher with suggested questions is part of the Financial Times free schools access programme. Details/registration here.

Read our full range of geography picks here.

Specification:

  • AQA 3.2.5.4 Energy security

  • Cambridge International (2027-2029 examination series) 12.1 Energy supplies

  • Cambridge OCR 3.1.2. How and why has the era of industrialisation affected global climate

  • Eduqas (WJEC) 3(4).3.6 Threats to India’s environment associated with economic growth; 3(4).3.7 Sustainable development in India

  • Pearson Edexcel Topic 6: The Carbon Cycle and Energy Security

The reliance on fossil fuels to develop economically is an issue faced by many newly emerging economies. An example of this is India, which is the fastest growing large economy in the world. Its growth is linked to the reliance on coal — a resource in plentiful supply in the country. However, India’s air pollution is among the worst in the world and therefore there is a balance for decision makers to make sure its population can be lifted out of poverty without long-term effects on the environment.

Click to watch the video below and then answer the questions:

India, where coal is king

  • Explain why coal is seen as an essential part of India’s economic development

  • ‘There are other ways to develop in India than relying on coal’. To what extent do do you agree with this statement

  • Explain how the influence of the coal industry goes beyond energy supply in India

  • ‘Using a reliable energy source is the only way a country can develop’. Discuss

  • Assess the effects of coal production in India

  • Using examples, evaluate the view that economic development can only happen with detriment to the environment

Rachel Owen, Royal Geographical Society

Copyright The Financial Times Limited 2026. All rights reserved.
Reuse this content (opens in new window) CommentsJump to comments section

Follow the topics in this article

Comments